Alumina Ferric (Ferric Alum)
What is Alumina Ferric?
Alumina ferric, commonly known as ferric alum, is a chemical compound widely used in various industries, especially in water treatment, paper manufacturing, and textiles. It is primarily composed of ferric sulfate (Fe₂(SO₄)₃) or ferric chloride (FeCl₃) mixed with aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃). This combination enhances its coagulation properties, making it highly effective in removing impurities from water.
Name of Standards Organization: Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)
Committee Designation: CHD 1
Designator of Legally Binding Document: IS 299 : 2012
Title of Legally Binding Document: Alumino-Ferric — Specification
Number of Amendments: 2
Status: Active
Additional Info: (Reaffirmed Year : 2022 )
Physical and Chemical Properties:
- Appearance: Light violet, pale brown, or reddish crystalline solid.
- Solubility: Soluble in water, forming an acidic solution.
- Odor: Odorless.
- pH Level: Acidic in nature, typically around 2.0–3.0 when dissolved in water.
- Molecular Formula: Varies depending on the exact composition, but often a mixture of Fe₂(SO₄)₃ and Al₂(SO₄)₃.
Applications of Alumina Ferric:
- Water Treatment & Purification:
- Used as a coagulant to remove suspended impurities, organic matter, and turbidity from drinking water and wastewater.
- Helps in flocculation, where small particles combine into larger clumps that settle easily.
- Reduces harmful contaminants, ensuring cleaner and safer water.
- Paper Industry:
- Acts as a sizing agent to improve paper quality and prevent ink from spreading.
- Enhances the retention of fibers and fillers, improving the paper’s strength and texture.
- Textile and Dyeing Industry:
- Works as a mordant, helping dyes bond more effectively with fabrics.
- Ensures better color retention and uniform dyeing of textiles.
- Leather Tanning:
- Used in leather processing to remove impurities and enhance the absorption of tanning agents.
- Pharmaceutical & Cosmetics Industry:
- Used in some antiseptic formulations and personal care products.
Advantages of Using Alumina Ferric:
✔ Cost-effective: Affordable and readily available compared to other coagulants.
✔ Efficient Water Clarification: Works well in removing suspended solids, making it ideal for municipal and industrial water treatment.
✔ Eco-friendly: Reduces harmful contaminants without introducing toxic substances.
Storage and Handling:
- Should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area, away from moisture and direct sunlight.
- Must be handled with protective gloves and goggles as it is acidic and can cause skin or eye irritation.
Conclusion
Alumina ferric is an essential industrial chemical, particularly in water treatment and manufacturing processes. Its strong coagulation properties, affordability, and versatility make it a preferred choice for industries aiming for efficient purification and processing.
